Mango Exports in Ghana: Prospects, Strategies, and Challenges: A Qualitative Study of Private Exporting Firms

Abstract

This study explores the prospects, strategies, and challenges of mango exports in Ghana through a qualitative analysis of 15 private exporting firms. Data were collected via face-to-face and telephone interviews with industry experts possessing 4–12 years of experience. The findings reveal diversified export strategies among firms: about 60% rely on intermediaries to access international markets, 27% adopt hybrid strategies combining local and export sales, and 13% engage in direct exports to supermarkets, emphasizing delivery within 48 hours to maintain product quality. The results highlight strong export prospects. Over 75% of respondents identified Ghana’s favorable agroclimatic conditions, which support two production seasons annually, while 60% noted high profitability driven by increasing demand in European and Middle Eastern markets. Despite these opportunities, significant challenges persist. More than 65% of participants reported limited access to finance, characterized by high interest rates and short repayment periods. Additionally, 53% identified exchange rate volatility as a major threat to export profitability. About 47% of firms also face difficulties sourcing export-quality fruits from smallholder farmers, affecting compliance with international standards. The study further shows that improved mango varieties, particularly Kent and Keitt, are highly preferred due to their superior quality and strong market acceptance. These findings contribute to existing literature by providing empirical insights into firm-level export behavior in Ghana’s horticultural sector, emphasizing the importance of strategic flexibility and market-oriented approaches. The study recommends improved access to flexible financing, strengthened quality assurance systems, and investment in climate-resilient varieties to enhance export competitiveness.