Assessment of Antibiotic Residues in Broiler and Native Chickens in Delta State, Nigeria

Abstract

This study was conducted to examine the levels of antibiotic residues in broiler and native chickens reared and sold in Ethiope East, Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria. A total 15 mature chickens were purposively selected from 3 locations: Abraka main market 5 Broiler chickens, Poultry farm within Abraka 5 Broiler chicken, and Ovie-orie community 5 native chickens. The birds were slaughtered in a humane manner, eviscerated and cut into parts to obtain samples such as: breast cut, wings, gizzard and liver, for determination of antibiotic residues; Tylosin, Enrofloxacin, Gentamicin, Oxytetracycline following a standard laboratory procedure, and Data were Analyzed using descriptive statistics. Result revealed that samples of broiler and native chickens tested contained various degrees of antibiotic residues. Gentamicin ranged from 18.2 (wings) to 52.8 (liver), Enrofloxacin ranged from 2.0 (liver) to 16.0 (Breast), Tyloxin 0.0 (gizzard) to 40.13 (breast), Oxytetracycline 13.0 (liver) to 52.80 (Breast), and Sulphamethazine 0.4 (wings) to 14.0 (liver) respectively for Broiler chickens sold in Abraka main market. In the native chicken obtained from Ovie-orie, only Oxytetracycline was detected and it ranged from 0.3 (wing) to 38.0 (liver). While, for broiler chicken reared in poultry farms in Abraka, Enrofloxacin varied from 8.6 (wing) to 35 (liver), Tyloxin concentrations ranged from 20.9 (wing) to 50.0 (liver), Oxytetracycline 0.8 (gizzard) to 49.4 (breast), and Sulphamethazine 0.8 (wing) to 13.8 (liver), respectively. The existence of antibiotics in chickens sold and reared in Delta State has raised public health concern, making it imperative to enlighten chicken farmers and regulate antibiotics administration in poultry to ensure consumers safety of poultry products.