Fatty acids from choerospondias axillaris stem bark and its activities against some clinical isolates: spectroscopic characterization and identification

Abstract

Since the use of plants in traditional medicine forms forms the foundation for natural therapeutic agents, the quest for ways to treat current illnesses in the absence of synthetic medications opened up new avenues for research into the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants. A growing number of researchers are looking for novel treatments to treat infectious illnesses that are either reemerging or emerging because of antimicrobial resistance and the apparent adverse effects of synthetic medications. By separating, describing, and identifying potential medicinal compounds from Choerospondias axillaris stem bark and assessing the compounds' efficacy against a few clinical disease-causing pathogens, this study aimed to further this quest. With the help of n-hexane and ethyl acetate, the plant sample under inquiry was crushed into a powder and then extracted in stages using a soxhlet apparatus. When phytochemicals were measured using GC-FID, the results revealed that sapogenin had the highest concentration (44.17 ppm), followed by epihedrine (42.28 ppm), and kaempferol (0.36) had the lowest concentration. The extracts were separated using a silica gel column and eluted with increasing amounts of methanol in ethyl acetate. The acquired fractions were spectroscopically investigated using TLC, and based on their profiles, 50 fractions were obtained and pooled to form 10 combined fractions, which were then subjected to 1D and 2D NMR analysis to determine the components' structures. According to the results, PE-20, 21, 22, and 29 were fatty acids, namely linoleic, stearic, eicosenoic, and docosadienoic acids. High bacterial sensitivity to the crude extract was shown by the antimicrobial result, suggesting that the plant may be utilized as a prophylactic for illnesses brought on by the pathogens used in the investigation. The plant portion is a natural supply of fatty acids, as the research has shown.