Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Various Alcoholic and Non-Alcoholic Beverages Brewed in Nigeria

Abstract

Alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks are widely consumed daily in Nigeria due to their affordability, unique flavours, and ability to quench thirst. Additionally, some people enjoy these beverages for their intoxicating effects. However, the high demand for these drinks can compromise production quality, potentially leading to contamination. Such contamination can cause intoxication and, in severe cases, may lead to death in humans. This study aimed to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze various alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages produced in Nigeria. The parameters investigated include organoleptic properties, such as alcohol content (both by volume and by weight), as well as attenuation limit. In addition, physicochemical properties are analyzed, including colour intensity, total acidity, volatile acidity, fixed acidity, and pH concentration. This investigation aims to compare the quality of these beverages and assess their compliance with established international standards. The results of the analysis indicate that the apparent extract percentages were found to be 5.621%, 1.005%, 1.004%, 1.004%, and 1.004% for Stout, Gulder, Star, Harp, and Kronenbourg, respectively. For the soft drinks, the apparent extracts were found to be 1.0021% for Fanta, 1.0017% for Maltina, 1.0017% for 7Up, 1.0009% for Maltonic, and 1.0016% for Coke. The results show that most parameters met international standards set by American Society of Brewing Chemists (ASBC) and the European Brewery Convention (EBC). The findings of this study will equip consumers and industries with the necessary information to make informed choices about their beverage selections.