Direct Research Journal of Social Science and Educational Studies
type: channel
description: Direct Research Journal of Social Science and Educational Studies (DRJSSES) (ISSN: 2449-0806) is an international peer-reviewed and open-access journal that is now accepting manuscripts for publication. Manuscripts will be published immediately as the final galley proof if approved by the journal Editor. The journal is being published by Direct Research Journals Publisher via our website, www.directresearchpublisher.org. ARTICLE PROCESSING COST = 655USD FOR AUTHOR OTHER COUNTRIES OR 55000 NAIRA FOR NIGERIA. AUTHORS CAN APPLY FOR PARTIAL WAIVER TO THE JOURNAL EDITORIAL AT editorialoffice@directresearchpublisher.org Manuscripts should be submitted online to the Editorial Office at https://journals.directresearchpublisher.org/index.php/drjsses/about/submissions or by email to editor@directresearchpublisher.org
language: en
publication name: Direct Research Journal of Social Science and Educational Studies
items: Impacts of Language Proficiency on Economic Activities
items: Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Sustainable Development (SD): A Systematic Review of Opportunities and Risks across SDGS 8, 10, and 12
items: Branding Elements and Gastronomic Identity in 3–5 Star Hotels in Greater Accra, Ghana
items: Study of Socio-economic Status of Farmers Management Practices at Selected Dairy Farms
items: The Influence of Digital Media Proliferation on Journalistic Practice and Professional Standards in Delta State
items: Enhancing Project Performance through Risk Management Practices in Construction Companies in Delta State, Nigeria
items: Lecturers’ Self-Efficacy Dimensions as Predictors of Colleges of Education Effectiveness in Preparing Teachers for Inclusive Education in North-Central Nigeria
items: Cultural Diplomacy: Harnessing Nollywood for Nigeria’s Global Influence
items: Analysis of Trends of Natural Rubber prices and overview in Nigeria, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, United States, and Europe
items: Study Habits, Time Management, and Academic Performance of First-Year Medical Students in Selected State Universities in Delta State, Nigeria
items: Social Media Platforms for Library Outreach and Engagement in the Digital Age: A Study of Selected Technical Universities in Ghana
items: Autoethnographic Reflections on Inclusive and Interfaith Pedagogy in Global Online Higher Education
items: Comparative Effects of Indoor and Outdoor Play-Based Activities on Preschool Children’s Social-Emotional Development in Nigeria
items: Competency Assessments of Agricultural Extension Workers in Edo State, South-South Nigeria
items: Evaluation of Factors Influencing Drug and Substance Abuse among Tertiary Institution Students in Nigeria
items: Displaced Peoples and Creation’s Groaning: Toward a Biblical Ecotheological Ethic for Climate Migration
items: Efficacy of Assertiveness Training, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Solution Focused Brief Therapy on Improving the Self-Esteem of Undergraduate Victims of Bullying
items: Who Supports the Supporters? Tackling Workforce Gaps in Early Childhood Education
items: Communication as an Antidote to Cultural and Religious Barriers in Family Planning in Delta State
items: Democratic Leadership and Organizational Productivity: A Study of Anambra State Broadcasting Service (2015 – 2019)
items: Technology Ease of Use and Adoption for Open and Distance Learning: Challenges from Rural Nigerian Communities
items: Role of Radio in Promoting Primary Health Care among Residents of Isoko North Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria
items: The Utilization of Development Communication Strategies in Conflict Resolution with Emphasis on Uvwie Local Government Area Delta State
items: Navigating the Resource Paradox: A Comparative Analysis of Neocolonial Structures and Domestic Agency in Resource-Rich Africa
items: Interrogating the Incidence of Maternal and Child Mortality in Abia State: Assessment of how the Millennium Development Goals were attained
items: Patterns of Socialization in Post Covid-19 Era Among Students of Calabar Education Zone, Cross River State, Nigeria
items: Political Clientelism in Nigerian Politics and the Paradigm Shift in the 2023 Oyo Gubernatorial Election
items: Perceptions of Local Communities towards Sport Hunting Activities in Rurambira and Nyakahita parishes, Kiruhura District
items: Impact of Fraud and Financial Crimes on the Growth and Development of the Nigerian Economy
items: Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) and the Promotion of Democracy in Nigeria: The Study of 2023 Presidential Election

Impacts of Language Proficiency on Economic Activities
type: item
description: Language proficiency plays a crucial role in economic activities, such as securing a good job and establishing a business network at both national and international levels. The objective of this study is to analyze the proficiency of languages like Nepali and English in economic opportunities such as better obs, establishing business networks, and access to higher education. The study employed quantitative data and utilized a descriptive research design. The perceptions of the respondents related to the proficiency of the dominant languages like Nepali and English, and its effects on economic activities was analyzed. A five-point Likert scale, Strongly Disagree (SD), Disagree (D), Neutral (N), Agree (A), and Strongly Agree (SA), was used to collect the perception of the respondents about the relationship between proficiency of the dominant languages and its ‘impacts on economic activities. Primary data were gathered from Kathmandu valley, the capital city of Nepal.100 respondents were randomly selected as respondents. Respondents' views are summarized in tables with percentages, mean values, and standard deviations. From the data analysis, it is found that the majority of respondents agreed that proficiency in dominant languages like Nepali and English influenced the economic activities, such as facilitating business networking, enabling national and international migration, and improving access to employment and higher education in Nepal. In the context of Nepal, proficiency in dominant languages enhances economic activities and helps to reduce poverty through improving access to education, fostering business connections, and supporting mobility. The government should design language policies by focusing on economic factors rather than only the cultural aspect. The implications of this study brings new insight into language issues in Nepal that will be useful to ensure economic prosperity through language proficiency.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Linguistic Capital
  topic: keywords
subject: Social Mobility
  topic: keywords
subject: Economic Inequality
  topic: keywords
creator: Chandra Prasad Dhakal
creator: Rishiram Adhikari
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Direct Research Journal of Social Science and Educational Studies
date: 2026-04-13
publication date: 2026-04-13
starting page: 124
ending page: 132
doi: 10.26765/DRJSSES2675308

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Sustainable Development (SD): A Systematic Review of Opportunities and Risks across SDGS 8, 10, and 12
type: item
description: This study critically examines the relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) and sustainable development (SD) by exploring the extent to which sustainable development initiatives, especially SDGs 8, 10, and 12, remain “sustainable” in the context of the growing emergence of AI technologies. Specifically, the study identifies the various ways in which AI applications can contribute to promoting sustainable development initiatives, while also examining the potential risks through which AI may undermine the achievement of SD objectives. The study adopts a qualitative research approach based on a systematic review of recent scholarly literature on AI and SD. A total of 64 peer-reviewed articles were selected and analyzed for the study after screening and exclusion processes from the initial 136 identified database search. The screening process followed defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, including: i) relevance to AI and SD, ii) publications within the last ten years to ensure currency; iii) publications in peer-reviewed journals and reputable academic sources like WoS articles; and availability of full-text articles in English; thereby excluding sources that were duplicated, non-scholarly, or not directly related to research objectives. To ensure comprehensive coverage of relevant studies, structured keyword-based strategy was used such as, "artificial intelligence", "AI governance", "Digital inequality", "SDGs 8,10, and 12", "sustainable development", etc. Data sources also included relevant information gathered from books and credible Internet materials. The findings reveal that AI has significant potential to support sustainable development through provisions of powerful tools that can promote sustainable development. At the same time, the research equally reveals critical challenges associated with AI that could pose risks to sustainable development, including high energy consumption, environmental impacts of data centers, labor market disruptions cau…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Artificial Intelligence (AI)
  topic: keywords
subject: AI governance
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital inequality
  topic: keywords
subject: Sustainable AI
  topic: keywords
subject: Sustainable Development
  topic: keywords
subject: Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
  topic: keywords
creator: Hyginus Obinna Ogbonna
creator: Isibhakhomen Joy Ogunbor
creator: Raymond Kayode Kuteyi
creator: Benedict I. Ajayi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Direct Research Journal of Social Science and Educational Studies
date: 2026-04-10
publication date: 2026-04-10
starting page: 107
ending page: 123
doi: 10.26765/DRJSSES160663

Branding Elements and Gastronomic Identity in 3–5 Star Hotels in Greater Accra, Ghana
type: item
description: This study examines the impact of branding dimensions on gastronomic identity in 3-5-star hotels in Greater Accra, Ghana. While the application of local dishes as strategic branding tools in hotels is recognized as a potential growth avenue, there is a lack of empirical evidence about the systematic application of branding dimensions in hotel brands in developing countries. This study examines the joint impact of branding dimensions on gastronomic identity. A cross-sectional mixed-methods study was conducted with 20 hotels, 20 hotel managers, 10 officials of the Ghana Tourism Authority, and 384 hotel guests (358 usable responses). Cochran's formula was used to determine the guest sample size at 95% confidence interval and 5% margin of error. Multiple regression was used in the data analysis. The results showed that branding dimensions can predict gastronomic identity (R = 0.592; Adjusted R = 0.584; F = 92.13; p < 0.001). While sustainability (=1.421, p<0.001), uniqueness (=1.342, p<0.001), and authenticity (=0.848, p<0.001) had positive and significant effects, exotic appeal had a negative and significant effect (=0.707, p<0.001). This means that 90% of hotels have applied local indigenous signature dishes in their branding strategy. This study contributes to the hospitality and tourism literature by providing empirical findings from an African perspective and by investigating the relative significance of branding dimensions in defining gastronomic identity. This study will have practical implications for managers seeking to leverage indigenous cuisine as a powerful competitive branding tool.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Gastronomic identity
  topic: keywords
subject: Indigenous cuisine
  topic: keywords
subject: Branding elements
  topic: keywords
subject: Hospitality industry
  topic: keywords
subject: Ghana
  topic: keywords
creator: Kate Bigson
creator: Monica Wandolo
creator: Rahab Mugambi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Direct Research Journal of Social Science and Educational Studies
date: 2026-04-02
publication date: 2026-04-02
starting page: 97
ending page: 106
doi: 10.26765/DRJSSES16188945

Study of Socio-economic Status of Farmers Management Practices at Selected Dairy Farms
type: item
description: Current data indicated that the population of the cattle in Imo State, Nigeria drastically increased in few years and their contribution in the total milk production was remarkable. Generally, the small and marginal farmer who maintains bulk of the livestock in Imo State, Nigeria are the targeted group in this study. The sector also provided additional employment opportunities to the people in the rural areas especially to the female population who manage the livestock in the household, thereby empowering rural women with livestock in the household, proving as a source of economic empowerment. The present paper studied the type of farm ownership, existing animal pattern on the farm, percentage of animal on different categories on the farm, housing pattern, feeding pattern, breeding pattern, labour pattern, milking pattern, health care pattern and source of water available at the farm as a whole and to the farmer in individual, which plays a vital role in the production of milk and farm management. It was found that the socio-economic status indirectly influence the milk production of the dairy farms.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Socio-economic status, Management practices, Dairy herds, Feeding, Farm labour
  topic: keywords
creator: J.C. Alaneme
creator: A.U. Ihenacho
creator: J.E. Nwaigbo
creator: E.N. Enwereonye
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2025-12-27
publication date: 2025-12-27
starting page: 161
ending page: 165
doi: 10.26765/DRJSSES22460831

The Influence of Digital Media Proliferation on Journalistic Practice and Professional Standards in Delta State
type: item
description: This study examined how digital media proliferation influences journalistic practice and professional standards in Delta State, Nigeria, using a mixed-methods approach and responses from 220 media practitioners. Findings show that 54.55% of journalists reported poor or very poor access to digital tools, while only 7.27% had excellent access. A significant 60% believed digital platforms negatively affected audience reach. Confidence in using digital tools was uneven, with 36.36% lacking confidence. Regression analysis revealed that 92.6% of the variance in journalistic opportunities was explained by challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, low digital literacy, and cybersecurity gaps. Increased competition from non-professionals showed a negative influence (β = −0.506, p < 0.001), while poor infrastructure had the highest positive coefficient (β = 1.010, p < 0.001). These results suggest that digital transformation in journalism is occurring under structural and professional constraints. The study implies that unless these constraints are addressed, digital media will continue to erode journalistic standards and audience trust. It is recommended that media organizations and policymakers invest in digital infrastructure, enhance journalist training in digital literacy and cybersecurity, and implement regulatory frameworks that support ethical digital journalism while mitigating the impact of unregulated content producers.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Digital media, Journalistic practice, Professional standards, Literacy, Delta State
  topic: keywords
creator: Success Okuchemiya
creator: Rose Ogheneruemu Imene
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
starting page: 88
ending page: 96
doi: 10.26765/

Enhancing Project Performance through Risk Management Practices in Construction Companies in Delta State, Nigeria
type: item
description: This study examines the effect of risk management practices risk identification, risk assessment, and risk mitigation on project performance in construction companies in Delta State, Nigeria. Employing a quantitative, cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from 240 respondents selected through stratified random sampling to ensure proportional representation of project managers, site engineers, quantity surveyors, and risk officers. Out of the distributed questionnaires, 220 were valid, yielding a 91.7% response rate. Reliability testing confirmed strong internal consistency across constructs (Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.85–0.90). Descriptive statistics revealed high mean scores for risk identification (M = 4.12), risk assessment (M = 4.05), risk mitigation (M = 4.15), and project performance (M = 4.08), indicating widespread agreement on the importance of these practices. Correlation analysis demonstrated strong positive associations between risk management practices and project performance (r = 0.66–0.71, p < 0.01). Regression analysis further established that risk identification (β = 0.348, p < 0.001), risk assessment (β = 0.301, p < 0.001), and risk mitigation (β = 0.362, p < 0.001) significantly predict project performance, with risk mitigation exerting the strongest effect. The model explained 63.7% of the variance in project performance (R² = 0.637), underscoring the predictive strength of these practices. The originality of this study lies in its empirical demonstration of the combined and individual effects of risk management practices within the Nigerian construction sector, a context often underrepresented in global project management literature. By integrating statistical evidence with practical insights, the study provides a framework for embedding risk management into project execution, thereby enhancing cost efficiency, timely delivery, quality, and resilience. The findings contribute to both theory and practice by reinforcing the critical role of…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Project Performance
  topic: keywords
subject: Risk Management Practices
  topic: keywords
subject: Construction Companies
  topic: keywords
subject: Risk Identification
  topic: keywords
subject: Risk Assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: Risk Mitigation
  topic: keywords
creator: Jonah Itoje Odiurho
creator: Anthony Kifordu
creator: Emmanuel Aruoren
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Direct Research Journal of Social Science and Educational Studies
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
starting page: 75
ending page: 87
doi: 10.26765/

Lecturers’ Self-Efficacy Dimensions as Predictors of Colleges of Education Effectiveness in Preparing Teachers for Inclusive Education in North-Central Nigeria
type: item
description: Inclusive education has become a global priority, placing increasing demands on teacher education institutions to produce graduates capable of addressing learner diversity. In Nigeria, Colleges of Education play a pivotal role in preparing teachers for inclusive basic education; however, concerns persist regarding their effectiveness in fulfilling this mandate. This study examined lecturers’ self-efficacy dimensions as predictors of the effectiveness of Colleges of Education in preparing teachers for inclusive education in North-Central Nigeria. A descriptive survey design was adopted. The population comprised 2,347 lecturers from public Colleges of Education across six states and the Federal Capital Territory. Using stratified and simple random sampling techniques, a sample of 467 lecturers was selected. Data were collected using the Lecturers’ Self-Efficacy Indicators Questionnaire (α = .818) and the Colleges of Education Effectiveness Questionnaire (α = .890). Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were employed at the .05 level of significance. Findings revealed that lecturers’ self-efficacy and institutional effectiveness were both at moderate levels. Regression results indicated that instructional self-efficacy and decision-making efficacy jointly explained 83.2% of the variance in college effectiveness (R² = .832). Instructional self-efficacy emerged as a strong positive predictor, while decision-making efficacy showed a weak but statistically significant negative influence. The study concludes that enhancing lecturers’ instructional confidence through continuous professional development and supportive institutional structures is critical for improving the effectiveness of Colleges of Education in preparing teachers for inclusive education. Policy implications for participatory governance and quality assurance are discussed.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: lecturers’ self-efficacy, instructional self-efficacy, decision-making, efficacy, inclusive education
  topic: keywords
creator: Baba Mohammad
creator: Abubakar Yusuf
creator: Sanni Mohammed Garba
creator: Ndayelechi Abubakar
creator: Idris Danladi Giwa
creator: Usman Babangida
creator: Ado Tanko Paiko
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-03-23
publication date: 2026-03-23
starting page: 69
ending page: 74
doi: 10.26765/DRJSSES21798393

Cultural Diplomacy: Harnessing Nollywood for Nigeria’s Global Influence
type: item
description: Cultural diplomacy has become an increasingly significant instrument in contemporary international relations, enabling states to project influence, shape global perceptions, and foster international cooperation through cultural attraction rather than coercive power. Within this context, Nigeria’s film industry popularly known as Nollywood has emerged as one of the most influential cultural industries in the Global South and a key contributor to Nigeria’s growing soft power presence. This study examines the role of Nollywood as a strategic instrument of cultural diplomacy in enhancing Nigeria’s global influence, improving its international image, and facilitating cross-cultural engagement. Drawing on multidisciplinary literature from international relations, media studies, cultural policy, and creative economy scholarship, the paper analyzes Nollywood’s historical evolution, industrial structure, global circulation, and economic significance within Nigeria’s creative sector. The study demonstrates that since its emergence in the early 1990s as a low-budget direct-to-video film movement, Nollywood has evolved into one of the world’s most prolific film industries, reaching audiences across Africa, Europe, North America, and the global African diaspora. Through its narratives, languages, and visual representations of Nigerian social realities, Nollywood serves as a powerful medium for communicating Nigerian culture, traditions, identities, and values to international audiences. In doing so, the industry contributes to the reframing and rebranding of Nigeria’s international image by offering alternative narratives that challenge persistent global stereotypes of corruption, insecurity, and instability. Beyond its cultural and symbolic influence, Nollywood also plays a significant role in Nigeria’s creative economy by generating employment, stimulating cultural entrepreneurship, and attracting international partnerships. However, structural challenges including piracy, ina…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Cultural Diplomacy; Nollywood; Soft Power; Nation Branding; Nigeria’s Global Image; Creative Economy; Public Diplomacy; Film Industry; Cultural Exchange; Global Cultural Influence
  topic: keywords
creator: Lateef Babatunde Asani
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-03-18
publication date: 2026-03-18
starting page: 55
ending page: 68
doi: 10.26765/DRJSSES07522719428

Analysis of Trends of Natural Rubber prices and overview in Nigeria, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, United States, and Europe
type: item
description: Natural Rubber (NR) is cultivated commercially in Asia (Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Sri Lanka, China, Cambodia, Singapore etc), Europe, and Africa (Nigeria, Cote d’ Ivoire etc). Due to many factors, investigation has revealed significant imbalances in demand and supply, leading to significant variations in the prices of rubber products among major producing regions in the World. This study was undertaken to collect scarce information on prices of natural rubber and determine the trends in the prices of rubber from year 2001 till date. Secondary data were collected from reputable journals, internet, and reports of international rubber organizations including Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO), US Consumer Price Index, Singapore Commodity Exchange (SCOM), International Rubber Study Group (IRSG), as well as literature, and sites related to the research. Primary data were collected from RRIN’s archives, records etc and supplemented the secondary data. Quantitative data were collected on the basis of information available in Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Nigeria, USA, New York, London etc and spanned from 2001 to 2025. The basic data generated and the variables affecting prices of natural rubber across producing regions were analyzed using descriptive analysis. The results revealed significant variations in prices of NR within and among the continents under investigation. It can therefore be concluded that price of rubber over the years was dwindled, and thus could discourage farmers from going into rubber farming. The authors therefore recommended that government provides market information and prices of rubber to farmers on a yearly basis. Provision of meteorological data to rubber farmers in the wake of climate change, together with strong leadership in rubber industries, is also recommended. All these will help smallholder farmers to plan ahead and address challenges like price volatility etc.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Europe
  topic: keywords
subject: Indonesia
  topic: keywords
subject: Malaysia
  topic: keywords
subject: Natural Rubber
  topic: keywords
subject: Nigeria
  topic: keywords
subject: Thailand
  topic: keywords
subject: Variations in prices
  topic: keywords
subject: USA
  topic: keywords
creator: J. E. Omozusi
creator: P. O. Anegbeh
creator: M. Igbinosa
creator: N. Nwabueze
creator: E. I. Anegbeh
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Direct Research Journal of Social Science and Educational Studies
date: 2026-02-20
publication date: 2026-02-20
starting page: 39
ending page: 46
doi: 10.26765/DRJSSES29096958

Study Habits, Time Management, and Academic Performance of First-Year Medical Students in Selected State Universities in Delta State, Nigeria
type: item
description: This study investigated the influence of study habits and time management on the academic performance of first-year medical students in state-owned universities. Specifically, it aimed to determine the effects of study habits, examine the influence of time management practices, assess their joint impact, and identify the extent to which effective learning behaviours predict academic outcomes. A descriptive correlational design was employed, and data were collected from 300 first-year medical students using standardized questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Findings revealed that study habits significantly predicted academic performance (β = 0.34, p < 0.001), as did time management practices (β = 0.38, p < 0.001). Together, these variables explained 38% of the variance in academic performance, demonstrating a substantial joint effect. Positive correlations between study habits, time management, and academic outcomes highlight the critical role of structured learning routines and effective time allocation in enhancing student performance. The study concludes that first-year medical students’ academic success is strongly influenced by their ability to manage time efficiently and engage in effective study behaviours. It recommends the integration of study skills and time management training into first-year curricula, mentorship and counselling support, and institutional policies that foster structured learning environments and continuous academic monitoring. This research contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the application of Self-Regulated Learning Theory and Time Management Theory in a medical education context within emerging economies. The findings offer practical insights for educators, curriculum planners, and policymakers seeking to improve early medical student academic outcomes.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: study habits
  topic: keywords
subject: time management
  topic: keywords
subject: academic performance
  topic: keywords
subject: first‑year medical students
  topic: keywords
subject: Nigeria
  topic: keywords
creator: Adutomare Henry Okodaso
creator: A. Anthony Kifordu
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Direct Research Journal of Social Science and Educational Studies
date: 2026-02-18
publication date: 2026-02-18
starting page: 26
ending page: 38
doi: 10.26765/DRJSSES59902390

Social Media Platforms for Library Outreach and Engagement in the Digital Age: A Study of Selected Technical Universities in Ghana
type: item
description: The increasing integration of social media into academic library services has transformed approaches to outreach and user engagement; however, empirical evidence from Ghana’s technical universities remains limited. This qualitative comparative study examined how libraries at Accra Technical University (ATU) and Ho Technical University (HTU) use social media to support outreach and engagement initiatives, guided by the Uses and Gratifications Theory (UGT) to understand user motivations and library strategies. Using purposive sampling, ten (10) professional and para-professional library staff (five from each institution) directly involved in managing social media platforms were selected. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed thematically using Braun and Clarke’s (2006) framework. The study addressed four objectives: to identify social media platforms in use, analyse the nature and frequency of content shared, assess management and interaction practices, and examine challenges affecting engagement. Findings revealed that Facebook (100% usage) and WhatsApp (90% usage) were the dominant platforms due to widespread student adoption and immediacy of communication. ATU employed a semi-formal management model with dedicated personnel and scheduled posting, resulting in more consistent branding and posting frequency (2–3 posts per week), while HTU’s rotational approach encouraged collaborative input but produced irregular posting (1–2 posts per week) and inconsistent messaging. Content primarily consisted of announcements, operational updates, and occasional academic tips, with limited interactive posts such as polls or quizzes. Engagement remained largely reactive, with staff responding to queries rather than proactively fostering community interaction. Key constraints included limited staff capacity, lack of formal social media policies, infrastructural limitations, and low organic engagement. The study contributes to emerging scholarship on di…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: social media
  topic: keywords
subject: academic libraries
  topic: keywords
subject: Facebook
  topic: keywords
subject: WhatsApp
  topic: keywords
subject: Ghana
  topic: keywords
subject: Technical University
  topic: keywords
creator: Silas Adjei
creator: Isaac Kojo Agyeman
creator: Samuel Babbington Norteye
creator: Isaac Nii Noi Nortey
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Direct Research Journal of Social Science and Educational Studies
date: 2026-02-26
publication date: 2026-02-26
starting page: 47
ending page: 54
doi: 10.26765/DRJSSES290963095

Autoethnographic Reflections on Inclusive and Interfaith Pedagogy in Global Online Higher Education
type: item
description: This work offers autoethnographic reflections on inclusive and interfaith pedagogy in global online higher education. Drawing on analytical autoethnography, it reflects on the author’s experiences across University of the People (USA), Nations University (USA), Jesuit Worldwide Learning-Education at the Margins, and Monarch Business School (Switzerland) - institutions characterized by cultural, religious, and digital diversity. The study does not seek generalizable claims but situates pedagogical insight within lived practice, institutional contexts, and relational encounters in online classrooms. Methodologically, analytical autoethnography is used to link personal narrative with systematic analysis of pedagogical and institutional dynamics, enabling critical reflection on how inclusion and interfaith engagement are negotiated in digitally mediated learning environments. The analysis demonstrates that interfaith inclusion functions not simply as curricular content or institutional policy but as lived pedagogy, enacted through dialogical practices, course design, and ethical attentiveness to religious/faith difference. The article contributes to scholarship on global online higher education by showing how inclusive and interfaith pedagogy emerges through everyday experience. It offers grounded insights for educators and institutions seeking to cultivate equitable, inclusive, and religiously responsive online learning environments.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Online Learning; Analytical Autoethnography; Interfaith Pedagogy; Inclusive Education; Digital Pedagogy; Global Online Education
  topic: keywords
creator: Thomas Onyebuchi Igwe
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-01-13
publication date: 2026-01-13
starting page: 10
ending page: 25
doi: 10.26765/DRJSSES701265

Comparative Effects of Indoor and Outdoor Play-Based Activities on Preschool Children’s Social-Emotional Development in Nigeria
type: item
description: This study investigated the comparative effects of indoor and outdoor play-based activities on preschool children’s social-emotional development in Nigeria. Four research questions and four corresponding hypotheses guided the study. A pre-test, post-test quasi-experimental design was employed with 96 preschool children selected from a target population of 12,600 private nursery school children in Ethiope East Local Government Area, Delta State, Nigeria. Participants were assigned to an indoor play-based activity group, an outdoor play-based activity group, and a control group. The intervention lasted eight weeks, with sessions conducted twice weekly for forty-five minutes. The Preschool Social-Emotional Development Observation Checklist, consisting of 18 items, was used to assess social-emotional development; while the face and content validity were established by three experts in early childhood education, and the instrument demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.874). Descriptive statistics, paired sample t-tests, ANOVA, and ANCOVA were used for data analysis. The analysis acknowledged significant baseline inequalities among the groups and used ANCOVA to statistically control for these differences. Findings revealed that, after controlling for pre-test inequalities, participants exposed to outdoor play-based activities demonstrated significant improvements in social-emotional development, while no significant changes were observed in the indoor play or control groups. The study recommends, amongst others, the integration of structured outdoor play-based activities in preschool curricula to enhance social-emotional development.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Indoor Play, Outdoor Play, Play-Based Activities, Preschool Children, Social-Emotional Development, Quasi-Experimental Design, Early Childhood Education, Nigeria
  topic: keywords
creator: Catherine Orobosheri
creator: MaryAngela Ijeoma Otuonye
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-01-13
publication date: 2026-01-13
starting page: 1
ending page: 9
doi: 10.26765/DRJSSES1150087

Competency Assessments of Agricultural Extension Workers in Edo State, South-South Nigeria
type: item
description: The persistent decline in the required competencies for the dissemination of improved agricultural technologies by agricultural extension workers gave rise for need of the study. This study was carried out to assess the extension workers’ competence in Edo State, Nigeria. This was achieved by addressing the socioeconomic characteristics of extension agents, job responsibilities of extension workers, level of competence of extension agents and factors affecting level of competence among extension agents in the study area. A two-stage sampling procedure was used for the sampling of 68 respondents. Data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaire and were analyse using descriptive and inferential statistics such as frequency, mean, percentage, standard deviation and Spearman correlation statistics. Results showed that a high proportion (57%) of extension agents was males and 50% of them were 41 – 50 years old. Majority (91.2%) of extension agents were responsible for raising farmers’ awareness level in problem situation, while 89.7% of extension agents were involved in arousing farmers’ interest in recognizing their problems. Results on access to training showed that majority (88.2%) of extension agents had various trainings to improve their competency level. Factors affecting competency development were inadequate funding (mean = 3.18), poor road network (mean = 3.09), poor exposure to training opportunities (mean = 2.94) and delay in supply of materials (mean = 2.75). Results also showed a significant relationship between educational qualification (r = 0.288; p = 0.017), years of experience (r = 0.550; p = 0.000), grade level (r = 0.461; p = 0.000) and competency needs of extension agents. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that extension agents were mostly involved in raising farmers’ awareness level in problem situation as their job responsibility. It was recommended that extens…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Agricultural Extension
  topic: keywords
subject: Assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: Competency
  topic: keywords
subject: Workers
  topic: keywords
creator: M. N. Iyekekpolor
creator: S. O. E. Alakpa
creator: P. O. Anegbeh
creator: F. G. Otene
creator: S.N. Nwachukwu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Direct Research Journal of Social Science and Educational Studies
date: 2025-12-17
publication date: 2025-12-17
starting page: 151
ending page: 160
doi: 10.26765/

Evaluation of Factors Influencing Drug and Substance Abuse among Tertiary Institution Students in Nigeria
type: item
description: Around the globe, drug abuse is a notable public health menace. This study evaluates causative factors to abuse of drug and substance among 382 students of the Federal Polytechnic, Ile-Oluji, through administration of questionnaires. Descriptive statistics of the respondent were obtained and various causative factors of abuse of drugs among students were examined. Major factors considered in the study are respondents’ age group, parents’ abuse of drugs, and abuse of drugs among respondents’ friends. Chi-square analysis was employed to determine if there are significant relationships between each considered factor and the different types of drugs being abused. Findings reveal that there is significant relationship between each of the factors and drug types as all Chi-square (χ²) p-values give (0.000) at 5% level of significance. Finally, the study reveals that the most prevalent reason for abuse of drugs and substances among students is parental failure which takes 48.2% of the total response with overall Chi-square p-values (χ² = 0.000) at 5% level of significance.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Drug and substance abuse
  topic: keywords
subject: Prevalence
  topic: keywords
subject: Evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: Chi-square analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Tertiary institutions
  topic: keywords
creator: O. R. Olorunlogbon
creator: T. F. Adetunkasi
creator: M. Olusegun
creator: A. O. Olorunlogbon
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Direct Research Journal of Social Science and Educational Studies
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 146
ending page: 150
doi: 10.26765/DRJSSES489096895

Displaced Peoples and Creation’s Groaning: Toward a Biblical Ecotheological Ethic for Climate Migration
type: item
description: Forcible human displacement caused by climate change disproportionately affects vulnerable communities already burdened by poverty, conflict, and social instability (UNHCR, 2024). Ecological degradation, including soil erosion, water scarcity, and ecosystem loss, intensifies both human suffering and environmental decline (UNEP, n.d.). Despite growing Pentecostal and wider Christian engagement with ecological issues, theological and ethical responses to climate induced migration remain underdeveloped. This study develops a biblical ecotheological ethic for climate migration, emphasizing justice, ecological stewardship, and human dignity. The methodology combines theological analysis of Psalms 104, 148, and Romans 8:18–25 with systematic examination of UNHCR and UNEP data. Trends in climate displacement, environmental indicators, and humanitarian impacts were analyzed to identify patterns and inform ethical reflection. The research explores themes of lament, suffering, and hope to formulate specific ethical principles, including hospitality, care for creation, equitable resource distribution, and advocacy for displaced populations. The study has three objectives: to document climate displacement patterns, to analyze biblical and ecotheological sources for normative guidance, and to propose practical recommendations for policy makers, civil society, and faith communities. By situating human mobility and ecological vulnerability within the biblical narrative of creation’s groaning and divine concern, this study provides a framework for scholarly reflection and practical action. It equips leaders and communities to respond to climate displaced populations with justice, dignity, and ecological awareness while broadening Pentecostal engagement with environmental and social crises.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Climate migration, ecotheology, creation’s groaning, biblical ethics, Psalms, Romans 8, hospitality, environmental justice
  topic: keywords
creator: Thomas Onyebuchi Igwe
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-12-06
publication date: 2025-12-06
starting page: 131
ending page: 145
doi: 10.26765/DRJSSES82922635

Efficacy of Assertiveness Training, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Solution Focused Brief Therapy on Improving the Self-Esteem of Undergraduate Victims of Bullying
type: item
description: This study investigated the efficacy of Assertiveness Training, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Solution Focused Brief Therapy on improving the self-esteem of undergraduate victims of bullying. Two research questions were raised and two corresponding hypotheses formulated. The study adopted the pre-test, post-test, non-equivalent control group quasi-experiment 3x2x2 factorial design. The population of the study was 5,882 undergraduates in the Faculty of Education, University of Benin and a sample of 138 participants. The instruments for data collection were the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire (OBVQ) developed by Olweus (1996) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) by Rosenberg (1965). In the present study, the OBVQ yielded a Cronbach's alpha of 0.862 while the RSES was 0.886. Data collected were analyzed using Analysis of Variance Statistics and the hypotheses were tested at 0.05 alpha level of significance. The findings of the study showed that Assertiveness Training was significantly efficacious on improving the self-esteem of undergraduate victims of bullying; likewise, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy. The effectiveness of the two treatments on self-esteem was found to be independent of the sex of the participants. Solution Focused Brief Therapy had no statistically significant effect on improving the self-esteem of undergraduate victims of bullying. Based on the results, it was recommended that Assertiveness Training and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy be adopted by University counsellors to help improve the self-esteem of undergraduate victims of bullying.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Assertiveness Training, Bullying, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Efficacy, Self-esteem, Solution Focused Brief Therapy, Efficacy
  topic: keywords
creator: Catherine Orobosheri
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-11-19
publication date: 2025-11-19
starting page: 124
ending page: 130
doi: 10.26765/DRJSSES14667851

Who Supports the Supporters? Tackling Workforce Gaps in Early Childhood Education
type: item
description: Effective management of early childhood education (ECE) programs is crucial for ensuring high-quality learning experiences that foster cognitive, social, and emotional development. This paper adopts a narrative literature review approach, synthesizing evidence from peer-reviewed studies, policy reports, and best-practice frameworks to identify effective management strategies for early childhood education programs. This review explores key strategies in managing ECE programs, focusing on financial planning, staffing, curriculum development, parental engagement, health and safety, and technology integration. Financial sustainability requires diversified funding sources, budget transparency, and strategic cost management. Staffing challenges, including teacher retention and professional development, necessitate competitive compensation and ongoing training. A well-balanced curriculum that integrates play-based and inquiry-driven learning fosters holistic child development. Parental involvement and community partnerships enhance learning outcomes, while maintaining health and safety standards ensures a secure and inclusive environment. Thoughtful technology integration supports personalized learning but must be balanced with hands-on experiences. Future research should focus on sustainable workforce policies, innovative funding models, and digital learning advancements to further improve ECE program management.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Early childhood education, program management, financial sustainability, curriculum development, parental engagement, technology integration
  topic: keywords
creator: Deborah O. Amoda
creator: Oluwaseun E. Olasehinde
creator: Suliat A. Ojetunde
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-11-19
publication date: 2025-11-19
starting page: 116
ending page: 123
doi: 10.26765/DRJSSES10848464

Communication as an Antidote to Cultural and Religious Barriers in Family Planning in Delta State
type: item
description: This study systematically explored the use of communication as an antidote to cultural and religious barriers in family planning. It is identified that one of the most effective ways to harness the power of communication in this context is through collaboration with cultural and religious leaders to break barrier to family planning process. Based on primary data from a survey, the study is rationalized by the social cognitive theory (SCT). Spotlighted the communication strategies as catalyst for change and concluded that effective communication strategies can improve family planning, self-efficacy, and empower individuals, leading to improved reproductive health and gender equality. The population are 177 patient and healthcare workers at General Hospital, Abraka and General Hospital, Obiaruku A Likert scale questionnaire was the instrument of data collection and was administered randomly to those present at a clinic day. Findings shows that adoption of family planning faces strong barrier of culture and religion however, communication strategies can create a supportive environment where family planning is seen as a means of enhancing the well-being of families and communities. The study recommends that developing communication strategies involving religious leaders in faith-based communities to promote family planning, training community members in rural areas to advocate for it, and integrating family planning education into youth-focused communication platforms to shape attitudes and beliefs.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Communication; Antidote; Religious Barriers Family Planning and Misconceptions
  topic: keywords
creator: Ifeanyi Happiness Dudusola
creator: Majority Oji
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Direct Research Journal of Social Science and Educational Studies
date: 2025-11-12
publication date: 2025-11-12
starting page: 108
ending page: 115

Democratic Leadership and Organizational Productivity: A Study of Anambra State Broadcasting Service (2015 – 2019)
type: item
description: This study investigates the impact of democratic leadership on organizational productivity, with a specific focus on the Anambra State Broadcasting Service (ABS). Democratic leadership defined by participative decision-making, open communication, and employee inclusiveness has gained recognition for its potential to enhance workplace performance and morale. The research aimed to assess two key dimensions: the extent to which employee inclusiveness promotes organizational output, and the degree to which participative decision-making correlates with employee morale. A descriptive survey design was employed, using structured questionnaires administered to a stratified random sample of 234 ABS employees across six departments. The instruments were validated through expert review and trial-tested for reliability (Cronbach Alpha = 0.81). Data analysis involved both descriptive and inferential statistical tools, including Pearson Product-Moment Correlation and regression analysis, with hypotheses tested at a 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed a strong positive correlation between employee inclusiveness and organizational output (r = 0.55, r² = 0.74, p < 0.05), and a moderate positive correlation between participative decision-making and employee morale (r = 0.47, r² = 0.53, p < 0.05). These results affirm that democratic leadership significantly enhances both productivity and morale at ABS. The study concludes that fostering a participatory leadership culture creates a conducive work environment that drives performance through shared responsibility and improved communication. Key recommendations include institutionalizing participatory leadership styles, investing in leadership training focused on communication, emotional intelligence, and conflict resolution, establishing departmental innovation hubs with incentives, and implementing transparent performance appraisal systems that encourage constructive feedback and mutual evaluation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Democracy, effective leadership, organizational productivity, participatory decision-making
  topic: keywords
creator: Ifeanyi Ositadinma Onuigbo
creator: Mbanefo Odum
creator: Joy Uchenna Soba
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-10-13
publication date: 2025-10-13
starting page: 100
ending page: 107

Technology Ease of Use and Adoption for Open and Distance Learning: Challenges from Rural Nigerian Communities
type: item
description: Perceived ease of use is a critical determinant of technology adoption and effective utilization, particularly in educational contexts. While previous studies have primarily linked ease of use to factors such as system design, training, and user support, the influence of technology availability, accessibility, individual differences, and geographic location has received comparatively little attention. This study examined the perceived availability, accessibility, and ease of use of technology among Open and Distance Learning (ODL) students residing in rural communities across Nigeria. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 453 students through a structured questionnaire designed to measure their perceptions of technology-related variables. Descriptive statistics, including frequency distributions, means, and percentages, were employed for data analysis. The findings indicated that ODL technologies were generally perceived as available (mean = 3.31 > 3.0), accessible (mean = 3.12 > 3.0), and relatively easy to use (mean = 3.03 > 3.0). However, students reported several challenges that hindered effective technology utilization, such as erratic power supply, poor internet connectivity, high data costs, and financial constraints. These infrastructural, economic, and skills-related barriers were found to significantly limit both access to and effective use of ODL technologies. The study concludes that improving technology availability and usability requires targeted investment in digital infrastructure, affordable connectivity, and continuous digital literacy training. It further recommends that ODL platforms be designed with user-centered principles to promote inclusivity and ensure equitable access to higher education opportunities for learners in underserved rural communities.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Technology Accessibility, Availability, Adoption, Distance Learning, Rural communities, Nigeria
  topic: keywords
creator: Osagie Oseghale
creator: Bilikis Adefunke Babarinde
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-10-13
publication date: 2025-10-13
starting page: 90
ending page: 99

Role of Radio in Promoting Primary Health Care among Residents of Isoko North Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria
type: item
description: This study explores the effectiveness of radio as a tool for promoting primary health care among rural populations in Delta State, Nigeria, with a focus on communities within Isoko North Local Government Area. Given the limited access to television and print media due to infrastructural and economic barriers, radio emerges as the most practical and far-reaching medium for health communication in these areas. Grounded in Agenda Setting Theory, the research investigates four key dimensions: awareness of radio health programs, frequency of exposure, influence on health knowledge, and the role of radio in addressing local health challenges. Using a multi-stage sampling method, five communities Owhelogbo, Ozoro, Otor-Owhe, Emevor, and Ellu were selected for the study. Data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to 100 respondents and analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Results indicate that a majority of participants regularly engage with health-related radio content, which significantly enhances their awareness and adoption of healthy practices (β = 0.829). The findings affirm radio’s pivotal role in rural health advocacy and underscore the need for strategic partnerships between media outlets, government agencies, NGOs, and international health organizations such as WHO and UNICEF. Such collaborations can amplify the reach and impact of health initiatives. The study recommends further exploration into the integration of digital platforms to complement radio and extend health messaging to broader underserved populations.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Radio, Health Communication, Awareness, Rural Communities, Primary Health Care, Delta State
  topic: keywords
creator: Christabel Ngozi Andreas-Ibegbulem
creator: Majority Oji
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
starting page: 81
ending page: 89

The Utilization of Development Communication Strategies in Conflict Resolution with Emphasis on Uvwie Local Government Area Delta State
type: item
description: This study examined the utilization of development communication strategies in conflict resolution, with particular emphasis on Uvwie Local Government Area (LGA) of Delta State, Nigeria. The research was guided by five objectives and corresponding research questions designed to identify the strategies employed, determine their level of utilization, assess their effectiveness, and examine both influencing factors and implementation challenges. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted, and data were collected from 400 respondents selected through purposive and stratified sampling techniques across ten communities within Uvwie LGA. The research instrument used was a 22-item structured questionnaire validated with a Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient of 0.84. Descriptive statistics, including mean and percentage analyses, were used to interpret the data. Findings revealed that development communication strategies such as print, broadcast, and social media are widely employed in promoting peace and resolving conflicts, with mean scores of 4.29, 3.79, and 4.32 respectively, surpassing the decision benchmark of 3.05. However, oral and press-based communication channels recorded low utilization (mean scores of 2.35 and 2.30). The study further established that exposure to development communication messages was moderate (grand mean = 3.49), while their effectiveness in conflict resolution was rated high (mean = 4.44). Major factors influencing utilization included the need to resolve conflicts and influence people’s behavior (means = 3.59 and 3.94), whereas key challenges identified were high illiteracy levels (mean = 4.12), poor power supply (mean = 3.11), and inadequate financing (mean = 4.22). The study concludes that although development communication strategies play a vital role in promoting peace and resolving crises in Uvwie LGA, their application remains below optimal levels. It recommends enhanced governmental and institutional support—particularly in fundi…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Development communication, conflict resolution, peacebuilding, Uvwie Local Government Area, Delta State
  topic: keywords
creator: Rhoda Giddijos Adebayo
creator: Majority Oji
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-10-08
publication date: 2025-10-08
starting page: 72
ending page: 80

Navigating the Resource Paradox: A Comparative Analysis of Neocolonial Structures and Domestic Agency in Resource-Rich Africa
type: item
description: This paper novelly reframes the resource curse thesis as a product of enduring neocolonial legacies and contemporary governance failures, rather than an inevitable outcome of resource abundance itself, while uniquely integrating an analysis of international governance frameworks. It challenges the deterministic framing of the resource curse by examining how underdevelopment and environmental degradation in resource-rich African states are shaped more by historical, structural, and neocolonial dynamics than by the presence of natural wealth per se. Using a comparative qualitative methodology, the study draws on academic literature, policy documents, and case studies from Nigeria, Sierra Leone, the DRC, Liberia, and Botswana. Key findings present strong arguments that (1) Natural resource abundance is not inherently a curse; it becomes a developmental liability when managed through weak institutions, neocolonial financial arrangements, and global structural inequities (i.e correlation does not equate causation). (2) International governance frameworks such as the Kimberley Process (KP) and the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI), while improving transparency, adopt technocratic and depoliticized approaches that fail to address deeper power asymmetries and systemic injustices. (3) National sovereignty, political agency, and institutional autonomy are critical in shaping whether resource wealth fosters development or deepens dependency. Botswana’s relative success exemplifies how sovereign control, transparent fiscal management, and inclusive governance can transform resource abundance into sustainable development despite global structural pressures. (4) As the "green" energy transition accelerates, there is a risk of replicating existing patterns of exploitation unless global governance structures are reformed to empower the Global South, protect ecological systems, and democratise benefit-sharing. The paper concludes by calling for a shift toward regi…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Resource Governance, Resource Curse, Natural Resource Dependency, International frameworks, EITI, Kimberly Process, Africa, Rent-seeking, Dutch Disease, Neocolonial resource influences
  topic: keywords
creator: Excel Obumneme Amaefule
creator: Winner Akuabianuju Amaefule
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-10-06
publication date: 2025-10-06
starting page: 50
ending page: 71

Interrogating the Incidence of Maternal and Child Mortality in Abia State: Assessment of how the Millennium Development Goals were attained
type: item
description: Maternal and child mortality remains a nightmare in Nigeria. Nigeria has one of the highest rates of maternal and child mortality. The aim of the study is to examine the extent to which the MDGs were attained given the prevailing maternal and child mortality situation in Abia State with a view to recommending ways of significantly reducing maternal and child mortality in the State. The study was anchored on Thaddeus and Marine’s Three Delays Mode, Functionalist Theory and Eco-Social theory. The study was be based on cross sectional survey of key facilities in the state that offer maternal and child health services and samples of women of child bearing age, as well as of different categories of health care-givers and administrators in the State. A sample size of 679 respondents was obtained with the following results: a majority of the respondents were above 34 years (27.54%), married(57.58%), farming (34.70%) within the monthly income bracket of N30,000 – N39,999 (34.02%), Christians (80.70%), rural residence (66.42%), age at death 31-34years (38.21%), age at first marriage 31-34 (38.80%) number of children ever born ≤2 (38.10%), spacing observed (60.24%), bio medical causes of death(85.88%), causes associated with human factor indicated negligence/carelessness of victims (25%), lack of finance for medication as a major cause of child mortality (60.62%) and age one year and below as the modal age of child mortality (40.76%). The study recommends early age at first marriage, sensitization of pregnant women to reduce negligence and carelessness, government and its agencies should make Medicare free for pregnant/ post-partum women and under five children.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Abia State, child mortality, maternal mortality, millennium development goals
  topic: keywords
creator: Evaristus Osita Oti
creator: Anthony Chukwudi Akpanta
creator: Veronica Ada Ihezukwu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-10-03
publication date: 2025-10-03
starting page: 39
ending page: 49

Patterns of Socialization in Post Covid-19 Era Among Students of Calabar Education Zone, Cross River State, Nigeria
type: item
description: Given a grim to the understanding of the key component of this work, one can say it is factor towards identifying the outlook of pattern of socialization among students in post covid-19 era within the confine of Calabar education zone, in Cross River State, Nigeria. The study used the expost-facto research design. The study was conducted using three secondary schools, two located in Calabar Metropolis and one in Akpabuyo Local Government Area, in Calabar education zone, Cross River State, Nigeria. The population of the study comprise all 680 JSS 1-3 students of social studies classes in the study area, a sample of 162 students were purposively drawn while the instrument for data collection was a 4-point Likert Scale type questionnaire titled: Patterns of Socialization Among Social Studies Students Questionnaire (PSASSSQ). The reliability of the instrument was determined using the Cronbach alpha method with reliability of 0.68 indicating a high reliability. Data generated were analyzed using frequency count, percentage, mean and standard deviation. In the analysis of students’ responses, it was discovered that the mean and standard deviation of socialization among students in schools, worship centres, family, social media was relatively low, hence it was recommended that efforts should be made by people to use the covid-19 blockers like washing of hands, sanitization of hands and tools, and wearing of nose masks, before coming in contact with other people.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Patterns
  topic: keywords
subject: Socialization
  topic: keywords
subject: Post Covid-19 Era
  topic: keywords
subject: Students
  topic: keywords
subject: Calabar Education Zone
  topic: keywords
creator: Henrietta Osayi Uchegbue
creator: Joy Anthony Ukam
creator: Mary Imo Inyang
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2024-08-22
publication date: 2024-08-22
starting page: 74
ending page: 81

Political Clientelism in Nigerian Politics and the Paradigm Shift in the 2023 Oyo Gubernatorial Election
type: item
description: Since it is in the nature of democracy and politics to seek power and control over the resources of the state, the political gladiators in Africa will use any means to secure victory and realize their selfish interests. Neoliberal scepticism about social solidarity, which views human action as motivated by self-interest and devoid of any moral basis, especially the problem of clintelism in politics, has often been examined by scholars. This is a challenge that both challenges Nigerian politics and makes African political elites uncompetitive in the global environment. Political clintelism almost forms a pattern of Nigerian political culture as it remains a ‘big picture’ in the country’s electoral process. This paper therefore examines the extent of this debate in the recent general elections in the light of the paradigm shift in the governorship elections in Oyo State. A qualitative research design was mainly used for the study, i.e. secondary data was collected from newspapers, journals, magazines, etc. and the contents were analyzed. The findings show that political clientelism is a bane of Nigeria’s development as it encourages the fielding of unpopular candidates who are unlikely to have the interest of the people at heart, which undermines the principle of freedom and fairness in an election. Therefore, it advocated coordinating efforts to persuade the populace through the work of civil society organizations while also bolstering government advocacy and democratic institutions of the state.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Politics
  topic: keywords
subject: clientelism
  topic: keywords
subject: election
  topic: keywords
subject: Oyo State
  topic: keywords
creator: Caleb Feyisope Arulogun
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2023-09-14
publication date: 2023-09-14
starting page: 67
ending page: 73

Perceptions of Local Communities towards Sport Hunting Activities in Rurambira and Nyakahita parishes, Kiruhura District
type: item
description: This paper explores the perception of local communities towards sport-hunting (SP) activities around Lake Mburo National Park in Uganda. A cross-sectional of 286 respondents from Nyakahita and Rurambira in Kiruhura participated in the study by answering the questionnaire. Quantitative data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS). Results reveal that half 148 or 52% of the respondents had participated in sport hunting activities for >4yrs. Most of these were male 199 or 69.5%. Sport hunting's ability to prevent poaching is rated as "disagree," or (Mean = 2.29; SD = 1.51). Though sport hunting benefits local communities where animals are hunted at 36.7%. There is a need to strengthen law enforcement by recruiting village wildlife scouts to work with sport hunting companies to curb poaching around Lake Mburo National Park.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sport Hunting
  topic: keywords
subject: Wildlife Conservation
  topic: keywords
subject: Kiruhura District
  topic: keywords
creator: Wilson K Katamigwa
creator: Taddeo Rusoke
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2023-09-14
publication date: 2023-09-14
starting page: 74
ending page: 79

Impact of Fraud and Financial Crimes on the Growth and Development of the Nigerian Economy
type: item
description: This study investigated the impact of fraud and financial crimes on the growth and development of the Nigerian economy. Only secondary sources were used to acquire data for the study which was sourced from the Central bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin (2022) and CBN Annual Reports of various editions. The data obtained for the study was estimated using Ordinary Least Squares; pre-estimation tests which include among others unit root test and normality test was conducted on the Time-series data, also, post-estimation tests such as heteroscedasticity test and serial correlation test was also conducted on the estimation results. Findings from the research estimations revealed that; fraud and financial crimes have significant impact on the economic growth rate of Nigeria but have no effect on inflation. As a result, the research recommended the strengthening of institutional frameworks. Increase the capacity, independence, and effectiveness of institutions charged with combating fraud and financial crime, such as the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission and other relevant organizations; increase transparency and accountability. Increase transparency and accountability in the public and private sectors by implementing measures such as financial report publication, beneficial ownership disclosure, and whistleblower protection procedures.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Fraud
  topic: keywords
subject: financial crimes
  topic: keywords
subject: economy
  topic: keywords
subject: Nigeria
  topic: keywords
creator: Osmond Okonkwo
creator: Donald Emayomi
creator: Akamike Okechukwu Joseph
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2023-09-20
publication date: 2023-09-20
starting page: 80
ending page: 87

Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) and the Promotion of Democracy in Nigeria: The Study of 2023 Presidential Election
type: item
description: This paper analyzes democracy and 2023 Presidential election in Nigeria considering the wider set of factors that shaped the organization and the outcome. Elections are critical component to the survival of democratic system, just like a human being would find it impossible to exist without the heart. This implies that an election is the life-wire of democracy. In Nigeria, presidential elections are held every four years in order to select a President and Members of the National Assembly and State-level Assemblies. The Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) is the agency that is saddled with the responsibility of the conduct of elections and other related matters. It is worthy to note that an enduring electoral system must be able to enlist the trust and confidence of the masses by ensuring that the number of votes cast in an election reflects the popularity and acceptance of the political parties and the candidates in such an election. However, there are innumerable disputes of carrying out plausible election by the electoral body. It must be clearly stated that ballot snatching, vote buying, bribery, corruption, violation of electoral rules, rigging, manipulation of results for the purposes of winning elections always occur and the 2023 Presidential Election was not an exception. The main objective of this study is to examine the Independent National Electoral Commission and the promotion of democracy in Nigeria with reference to the 2023 Presidential Election. The study adopted the documentary methods of data collection and utilizes secondary sources; and relays on content analysis as its method of data analysis. To achieve this, the authors sourced for information from published textbooks, magazines, journal articles, official documents from the Yiaga Africa, Centre for Democracy and Development (CDD) West Africa, Nigeria’s 1999 Constitution (as amended), 2022 Electoral Act, INEC guidelines, online materials and other relevant publications. The study f…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Uchechukwu Grace Ojukwu
creator: Peter Beluchukwu Okoye
creator: Vincent Onyekwelu Sunday Okeke
creator: Romanus S. Umeh
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2023-11-07
publication date: 2023-11-07
starting page: 74
ending page: 87