Assessment of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) devaluation: knowledge, attitude and practices regarding misuse of ITN in Taraba State of Nigeria

Abstract

Insecticide-Treated Nets (ITNs) are essential for malaria prevention, but their misuse for non-malaria-related activities, such as fishing, bathing, and fencing, has been increasingly reported in Nigeria. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding ITN misuse among residents and identify the factors contributing to the devaluation of ITNs. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 396 adults from Taraba State, using structured online questionnaires. Using a convenient sampling, a sample size of 396 respondents was collected from the study population. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, and descriptive was used to explore KAP regarding ITN misuse. The findings showed that 77% of respondents were aware of ITNs being used for fishing, 83% observed that ITNs is used as bathing sponges, and 94% had observed ITNs used for fencing gardens. The primary factor contributing to ITN misuse was lack of awareness (55%). While 88% of respondents found ITN misuse unacceptable, 41% rated government efforts to promote proper ITN use as ineffective. A significant portion (76%) believed that ITN misuse negatively affects malaria prevention efforts. This study highlights the widespread misuse of ITNs in Taraba State, driven by socioeconomic factors and a lack of awareness. Targeted interventions, including community education and stronger policy enforcement, are urgently needed to prevent ITN devaluation and ensure effective malaria control in the region.